Name and function of each part of turning tool

Turning tool is a single-edge tool, because of the shape of turning work and there are many types, but its various parts of the name and role is the same. A good turning tool must have a good rigid handle and sharp blade two parts. The Angle of turning tool insert directly affects turning effect. The Angle of different turning tool material and workpiece material is also different. Lathe tool has four important angles, namely front clearance Angle, side clearance Angle, bevel Angle and side bevel Angle. 

1. Front clearance Angle

The inclination Angle from the nose down to the inside of the insert is the front clearance Angle. Because of the front clearance Angle, the working face and the tool tip form a space, so that the cutting action is concentrated on the nose. If this Angle is too small, the tool will rub on the surface, and produce rough surface, the Angle is too large, the tool is prone to tremor, so that the cutter nose broken can not be polished. When installing the clearance Angle of turning tool with tilted middle handle before grinding, the Angle of tilted handle should be considered. The Angle of HSS turning tool is about 8~10 degrees, and carbide turning tool is 6~8 degrees.

2. edge clearance Angle

The Angle at which the cutting edge inclines inward is the edge clearance Angle. The edge clearance Angle makes the working surface and the tool side form a space so that the cutting action is focused on the cutting edge to improve the cutting efficiency. This Angle of HSS turning tool is about 10~12 degrees.

3. after the bevel

The Angle from the tip of the insert to the handle is the back bevel. This Angle is mainly to guide the chip removal and reduce the chip removal resistance. Cutting general metal, HSS turning tool is generally 8~16 degrees, and carbide turning tool is negative Angle or zero degrees.

4. fillet

Incline from the cutting edge to the other side from the top surface of the cutter, and the Angle between the incline surface and the horizontal plane is the bevel Angle. This Angle is the Angle at which chips are removed from the work, making it easy to remove chips and obtain effective turning. For cutting general metals, this Angle is about 10~14 degrees for HSS turning tools, and can be positive or negative dip Angle for carbide turning tool.

5. dao side Angle

The Angle at which the front edge of the insert is perpendicular to the handle. The function of this Angle is to maintain a gap between the front edge of the insert and the workpiece to avoid friction or abrasion of the processed surface.

6. cutting edges

The Angle at which the front edge of the insert is perpendicular to the handle to change the thickness of the cutting. At the same time cutting edge Angle can also change the force direction of turning tool, reduce feed resistance, increase tool life, so the general rough turning, it is appropriate to use cutting edge Angle larger turning tool, in order to reduce feed resistance, increase cutting speed.

7. insert nose radius

Radius of the edge arc at the highest point of the insert. The large radius and strength of the cutter nose are used for large cutting depth, but it is prone to high frequency vibration.